Cave levels at high elevations (2250-2370 m), hosting allochthonous sediments with clear provenance from the Pelvoux External Crystalline Massif were identified in the Obiou mountain, Dévoluy Massif (French Western Alps). These deposits result from burial of alluvial sediments of the paleo-Drac River in Miocene times (burial ages of ca. 10-15 Ma). The Drac River is currently situated 1600 m below the caves, indicating significant post-middle Miocene fluvial incision. The pollen analysis on clay cave infill indicates a humid and warm climate, typical for Western Europe in the mid-late Miocene. It also reveals the presence of dinoflagellate cysts from coastal and lagoon environments suggesting deposition of the clays in the caves when they were close to sea level. These findings indicate uplift of the caves of at least 2000 m since the mid-late Miocene. Furthermore, the pollen assemblage originated from different vegetation belts, in agreement with existing data for mid-late Miocene deposits in the western Alps. The pollen flora includes cool-temperate and boreal trees, suggesting high-elevated source areas for the deposits within the Pelvoux catchment. These data confirm the exceptional character of the Obiou cave deposits that provide new geomorphologic constraints for the evolution of the French Western Alps.