E. Demaria, Bariatric Surgery for Morbid Obesity, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.356, issue.21, pp.2176-2183, 2007.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMct067019

K. Yoon, J. Lee, J. Kim, J. Cho, Y. Choi et al., Epidemic obesity and type 2 diabetes in Asia, The Lancet, vol.368, issue.9548, pp.1681-1688, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69703-1

J. He, M. Klag, P. Whelton, and Y. Zhoa, Short- and Long-Term Prognosis after Acute Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Men and Women, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.139, issue.7, pp.693-703, 1994.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117059

D. Haslam and W. James, Obesity, The Lancet, vol.366, issue.9492, pp.1197-1209, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67483-1

A. Renehan, M. Tyson, M. Egger, R. Heller, and M. Zwahlen, Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies, The Lancet, vol.371, issue.9612, pp.569-578, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60269-X

A. Renehan, U. Smith, and M. Kirkman, Linking diabetes and cancer: a consensus on complexity, The Lancet, vol.375, issue.9733, pp.2201-2202, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60706-4

A. Romero-corral, V. Montori, V. Somers, J. Korinek, R. Thomas et al., Association of bodyweight with total mortality and with cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease: a systematic review of cohort studies, The Lancet, vol.368, issue.9536, pp.666-678, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69251-9

V. Joliot, C. Martinerie, G. Dambrine, G. Plassiart, M. Brisac et al., Proviral rearrangements and overexpression of a new cellular gene (nov) in myeloblastosis-associated virus type 1-induced nephroblastomas., Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol.12, issue.1, pp.10-21, 1992.
DOI : 10.1128/MCB.12.1.10

C. Chen and L. Lau, Functions and mechanisms of action of CCN matricellular proteins, The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, vol.41, issue.4, pp.771-783, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.07.025

L. Kular, J. Pakradouni, P. Kitabgi, M. Laurent, and C. Martinerie, The CCN family: A new class of inflammation modulators?, Biochimie, vol.93, issue.3, pp.377-388, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.11.010

H. Kleinman, NOVH increases MMP3 expression and cell migration in glioblastoma cells via a PDGFR-alpha-dependent mechanism, FASEB J, vol.17, pp.1919-1921, 2003.

C. Lin, C. Chen, S. Leu, T. Grzeszkiewicz, and L. Lau, Integrin-dependent Functions of the Angiogenic Inducer NOV (CCN3): IMPLICATION IN WOUND HEALING, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.9, pp.8229-8237, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M404903200

F. Calhabeu, J. Lafont, L. Dreau, G. Laurent, M. Kazazian et al., NOV/CCN3 impairs muscle cell commitment and differentiation, Experimental Cell Research, vol.312, issue.10, pp.1876-1889, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.02.027

R. Gupta, D. Hong, F. Iborra, S. Sarno, and T. Enver, NOV (CCN3) Functions as a Regulator of Human Hematopoietic Stem or Progenitor Cells, Science, vol.316, issue.5824, pp.590-593, 2007.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1136031

M. Laurent, J. Mas, A. Bongain, G. Zambetti, B. Figueiredo et al., Nephroblastoma overexpressed/cysteine-rich protein 61/connective tissue growth factor/nephroblastoma overexpressed gene-3 (NOV/CCN3), a selective adrenocortical cell proapoptotic factor, is down-regulated in childhood adrenocortical tumors, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.92, pp.3253-3260, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00172065

L. Mccallum, W. Lu, S. Price, N. Lazar, B. Perbal et al., CCN3: a key growth regulator in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia, Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling, vol.20, issue.2, pp.115-124, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s12079-009-0058-2

J. Lafont, C. Jacques, L. Dreau, G. Calhabeu, F. Thibout et al., New Target Genes for NOV/CCN3 in Chondrocytes: TGF-??2 and Type X Collagen, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol.278, issue.12, pp.2213-2223, 2005.
DOI : 10.1359/JBMR.050818

B. Riser, F. Najmabadi, B. Perbal, D. Peterson, J. Rambow et al., (NOV) is a negative regulator of CCN2 (CTGF) and a novel 28, p.3

C. Chen, J. Young, R. Monzon, N. Chen, V. Todorovic et al., Cytotoxicity of TNF?? is regulated by integrin-mediated matrix signaling, The EMBO Journal, vol.13, issue.5, pp.1257-1267, 2007.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601596

C. Martinerie and M. Guerin, Plasma NOV/CCN3 Levels Are Closely Associated with Obesity in Patients with Metabolic Disorders, PLoS One, vol.8, p.66788, 2013.

K. Yokote, CCN3 inhibits neointimal hyperplasia through modulation of smooth muscle cell growth and migration, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, vol.30, pp.675-682, 2010.

B. Perbal, Physical mapping of human loci homologous to the chicken nov proto-oncogene

D. Rao, Quantitative trait loci on chromosome 8q24 for pancreatic beta-cell function and 7q11 for insulin sensitivity in obese nondiabetic white and black families: evidence from genome-wide linkage scans in the NHLBI Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN) study, Diabetes, vol.55, pp.551-558, 2006.

R. Paradis, N. Lazar, P. Antinozzi, B. Perbal, and J. Buteau, Nov/Ccn3, a Novel Transcriptional Target of FoxO1, Impairs Pancreatic ??-Cell Function, PLoS ONE, vol.10, issue.5, p.64957, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0064957.g007

K. Sun, J. Tordjman, K. Clement, and P. Scherer, Fibrosis and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, Cell Metabolism, vol.18, issue.4, pp.470-477, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.06.016

P. Puigserver, Z. Wu, C. Park, R. Graves, M. Wright et al., A Cold-Inducible Coactivator of Nuclear Receptors Linked to Adaptive Thermogenesis, Cell, vol.92, issue.6, pp.829-839, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81410-5

K. Sakamoto, S. Yamaguchi, R. Ando, A. Miyawaki, Y. Kabasawa et al., The Nephroblastoma Overexpressed Gene (NOV/ccn3) Protein Associates with Notch1 Extracellular Domain and Inhibits Myoblast Differentiation via Notch Signaling Pathway, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.277, issue.33, pp.29399-29405, 2002.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M203727200

K. Katsube, S. Hiraoka, H. Koseki, K. Harada, and A. Yamaguchi, CCN3 protein participates in bone regeneration as an inhibitory factor, J Biol Chem, vol.288, 2013.

Q. Wang, C. Tao, R. Gupta, and P. Scherer, Tracking adipogenesis during white adipose tissue development, expansion and regeneration, Nature Medicine, vol.6, issue.10, pp.1338-1344, 2013.
DOI : 10.1038/nm.3324

M. Chandalia and N. Abate, Metabolic complications of obesity: inflated or inflamed?, Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, vol.21, issue.2, pp.128-136, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2006.10.004

J. Huh, Y. Park, M. Ham, and J. Kim, Crosstalk between Adipocytes and Immune Cells in Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Metabolic Dysregulation in Obesity, Molecules and Cells, vol.37, issue.5, pp.365-371, 2014.
DOI : 10.14348/molcells.2014.0074

E. Hillhouse and S. Lesage, A comprehensive review of the phenotype and function of antigen-specific immunoregulatory double negative T cells, Journal of Autoimmunity, vol.40, pp.58-65, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jaut.2012.07.010

S. Weisberg, D. Mccann, M. Desai, M. Rosenbaum, R. Leibel et al., Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.112, issue.12, pp.1796-1808, 2003.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI19246DS1

L. Tartaglia and H. Chen, Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance, J Clin Invest, vol.112, pp.1821-1830, 2003.

A. Ferrante and J. , CCR2 modulates inflammatory and metabolic effects of high-fat feeding, J Clin Invest, vol.116, pp.115-124, 2006.

S. Maeda, K. Egashira, and M. Kasuga, MCP-1 contributes to macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in obesity, J Clin Invest, vol.116, pp.1494-1505, 2006.

K. Kumagai, K. Sakamoto, M. Kobayashi, T. Yamauchi, K. Ueki et al., Overexpression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in adipose tissues causes macrophage recruitment and insulin resistance, J Biol Chem, vol.281, pp.26602-26614, 2006.

S. Tateya, Y. Tamori, T. Kawaguchi, H. Kanda, and M. Kasuga, An Increase in the Circulating Concentration of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Elicits Systemic Insulin Resistance Irrespective of Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Mice, Endocrinology, vol.151, issue.3, pp.971-979, 2010.
DOI : 10.1210/en.2009-0926

J. and M. Wj, Human endothelial cells express CCR2 and respond to MCP-1: direct role of MCP-1 in angiogenesis and tumor progression, Blood, vol.96, pp.34-40, 2000.

K. Pgc1??in, black bars) vs WT (open bars) The results are expressed as the means ± SEM

H. Sd, . Sd-hfd-wt, . Ko, and . Ko-animals, Table 1: Organ weight and biological parameters in WT and KO mice under, p.7