Despite increasing interest in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in the biomedical field, developing specific formulations suitable for different administration routes is still a main challenge. Here, we propose a simple, fast and bio-friendly press-molding method for the preparation of cutaneous patches based on composites made from the drug nanocarrier MIL-100(Fe) and biopolymers. The physicochemical properties of the patches (structure, hydration, bioadhesive and swelling properties), as well as their encapsulation and release capabilities (both in ex vitro and ex vivo models), were evaluated using active ingredients such as the challenging cosmetic liporeductor, caffeine, and the model analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen. In particular, very high caffeine loadings were entrapped within these cutaneous devices with progressive releases under simulated cutaneous physiological conditions as a consequence of the swelling of the hydrophilic patches. Despite the absence of any cutaneous bioadhesive character, these patches provided progressive and suitable permeation of their cosmetic cargo through the skin, interestingly reaching the targeted adipose tissue. This makes these cosmetic-containing composite MOF-based patches promising candidates for new cutaneous devices in cosmetic applications.