A. Aran, R. Segel, and K. Kaneshige, Vesicular acetylcholine transporter defect underlies devastating congenital myasthenia syndrome, Neurology, vol.88, issue.11, pp.1021-1028, 2017.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003720

M. Ascaño, A. Richmond, P. Borden, and R. Kuruvilla, Axonal Targeting of Trk Receptors via Transcytosis Regulates Sensitivity to Neurotrophin Responses, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.29, issue.37, pp.29-11674, 2009.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1542-09.2009

J. Barbosa, L. T. Ferreira, and C. Martins-silva, Trafficking of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter in SN56 cells: a dynamin-sensitive step and interaction with the AP-2 adaptor complex, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.272, issue.5, pp.1221-1228, 2002.
DOI : 10.1091/mbc.12.9.2578

V. Bernard, C. Brana, I. Liste, O. Lockridge, and B. Bloch, Dramatic depletion of cell surface m2 muscarinic receptor due to limited delivery from intracytoplasmic stores in neurons of acetylcholinesterase-deficient mice, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, vol.23, issue.1, pp.121-133, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1044-7431(03)00034-4

V. Bernard, M. Décossas, I. Liste, and B. Bloch, Intraneuronal trafficking of G-protein-coupled receptors in vivo, Trends in Neurosciences, vol.29, issue.3, pp.140-147, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tins.2006.01.006
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00297296

V. Bernard, A. I. Levey, and B. Bloch, Regulation of the subcellular distribution of m4 19 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in striatal neurons in vivo by the cholinergic 20 environment: evidence for regulation of cell surface receptors by endogenous and 21 exogenous stimulation, J Neurosci, vol.19, pp.10237-10249, 1999.

V. Bernard, E. Normand, and B. Bloch, Phenotypical characterization of the rat 23 striatal neurons expressing muscarinic receptor genes, J Neurosci, vol.12, pp.3591-3600, 1992.

S. Bolte and F. P. Cordelieres, A guided tour into subcellular colocalization analysis in light microscopy, Journal of Microscopy, vol.56, issue.3, pp.213-232, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00521-0
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00132481

L. Brodin, L. Bakeeva, and O. Shupliakov, Presynaptic mitochondria and the temporal pattern of neurotransmitter release, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.354, issue.1381, pp.365-372, 1999.
DOI : 10.1098/rstb.1999.0388

J. R. Crittenden, C. J. Lacey, T. Lee, H. A. Bowden, and A. M. Graybiel, Severe 36 drug-induced repetitive behaviors and striatal overexpression of VAChT in ChAT, p.37, 2014.

K. Deisseroth, Optogenetics: 10 years of microbial opsins in neuroscience, Nature Neuroscience, vol.257, issue.9, p.42, 2015.
DOI : 10.1038/311756a0

D. Chiara, G. Morelli, M. Consolo, and S. , Modulatory functions of neurotransmitters in the striatum: ACh/dopamine/NMDA interactions, Trends in Neurosciences, vol.17, issue.6, pp.228-233, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-2236(94)90005-1

D. Liberto, V. Borroto-escuela, D. Frinchi, M. Verdi, V. Fuxe et al., (2017) Existence of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) and fibroblast 47 growth factor receptor (FGFR) heteroreceptor complexes and their enhancement of 48

A. Dobbertin, A. Hrabovska, K. Dembele, S. Camp, P. Taylor et al., Targeting of Acetylcholinesterase in Neurons In Vivo: A Dual Processing Function for the Proline-Rich Membrane Anchor Subunit and the Attachment Domain on the Catalytic Subunit, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.29, issue.14, pp.50-4519, 2009.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3863-08.2009

L. E. Eiden, The Cholinergic Gene Locus, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.70, issue.6, pp.2227-2240, 1998.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70062227.x

B. Giros, E. Mestikawy, and S. , A third vesicular glutamate transporter 30 expressed by cholinergic and serotoninergic neurons, J Neurosci, vol.22, pp.5442-5451, 2002.

M. S. Guzman, X. De-jaeger, and S. Raulic, Elimination of the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter in the Striatum Reveals Regulation of Behaviour by Cholinergic-Glutamatergic Co-Transmission, PLoS Biology, vol.5, issue.150, p.1001194, 2011.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001194.s007

T. Hikida, Y. Kitabatake, I. Pastan, and S. Nakanishi, Acetylcholine enhancement in 35 the nucleus accumbens prevents addictive behaviors of cocaine and morphine, Proc, vol.36, 2003.

C. Kilkenny, W. Browne, I. C. Cuthill, M. Emerson, D. G. Altman et al., Animal research: Reporting in vivo experiments: The ARRIVE guidelines, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol.340, issue.7, p.39, 2010.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.c332

M. H. Kim and L. B. Hersh, The Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter Interacts with Clathrin-associated Adaptor Complexes AP-1 and AP-2, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.16, issue.13, pp.12580-12622, 2004.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.ne.16.030193.000523

Y. Kitabatake, T. Hikida, D. Watanabe, I. Pastan, and S. Nakanishi, Impairment of 44 reward-related learning by cholinergic cell ablation in the striatum, Proc Natl Acad Sci, vol.45, issue.100, pp.7965-7970, 2003.

M. A. Prado and V. F. Prado, Cholinergic Regulation of hnRNPA2/B1 48 Translation by M1 Muscarinic Receptors, J Neurosci, vol.36, pp.6287-6296, 2016.

V. F. Prado and M. A. Prado, ChAT-ChR2-EYFP mice have enhanced motor 51 endurance but show deficits in attention and several additional cognitive domains, p.52, 2013.

R. H. Edwards, A phosphorylation site regulates sorting of the vesicular 2 acetylcholine transporter to dense core vesicles, J Cell Biol, vol.149, pp.379-396, 2000.

A. C. Kreitzer and J. D. Berke, Investigating striatal function through cell-type-specific manipulations, Neuroscience, vol.198, pp.19-26, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.08.018
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221791

Z. Li, K. Okamoto, Y. Hayashi, and M. Sheng, The Importance of Dendritic Mitochondria in the Morphogenesis and Plasticity of Spines and Synapses, Cell, vol.119, issue.6, pp.873-887, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.003

S. A. Lim, U. J. Kang, and D. S. Mcgehee, Striatal cholinergic interneuron regulation and circuit effects, Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience, vol.28, issue.11, p.22, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/s11011-013-9417-z
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204445

F. Lima-rde, V. F. Prado, M. A. Prado, and C. Kushmerick, Quantal release of 11 acetylcholine in mice with reduced levels of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, J, vol.12, 2010.

A. C. Martyn, X. De-jaeger, and A. C. Magalhaes, Elimination of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the forebrain causes hyperactivity and deficits in spatial memory and long-term potentiation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.97, issue.11, pp.17651-17656, 2012.
DOI : 10.1113/expphysiol.2012.066431

H. T. Mount, C. F. Dreyfus, and I. B. Black, Muscarinic stimulation promotes cultured 20, 1994.

P. M. Nagy and I. Aubert, Overexpression of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter increased acetylcholine release in the hippocampus, Neuroscience, vol.218, pp.1-11, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.05.047

P. V. Nguyen, L. Marin, and H. L. Atwood, Synaptic physiology and mitochondrial 25 function in crayfish tonic and phasic motor neurons, J Neurophysiol, vol.78, pp.281-294, 1997.

O. Grady, G. L. Verschuuren, C. Yuen, and M. , , vesicular acetylcholine transporter, cause congenital myasthenic syndrome, Neurology, vol.87, issue.14, pp.1442-1448, 2016.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003179

E. N. Pothos, K. E. Larsen, D. E. Krantz, Y. Liu, J. W. Haycock et al., Synaptic vesicle transporter expression 31 regulates vesicle phenotype and quantal size, J Neurosci, vol.20, pp.7297-7306, 2000.

V. F. Prado, C. Martins-silva, and B. M. De-castro, Mice Deficient for the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter Are Myasthenic and Have Deficits in Object and Social Recognition, Neuron, vol.51, issue.5, pp.601-612, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.08.005

V. F. Prado, A. Roy, B. Kolisnyk, R. Gros, and M. A. Prado, Regulation of cholinergic activity by the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, Biochemical Journal, vol.113, issue.2, pp.265-274, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01738910

A. Ray, J. Liu, S. Karanth, Y. Gao, S. Brimijoin et al., Cholinesterase inhibition and acetylcholine accumulation following intracerebral administration of paraoxon in rats, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, vol.236, issue.3, pp.341-347, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.taap.2009.02.022

J. Ren, C. Qin, F. Hu, J. Tan, L. Qiu et al., Habenula ???Cholinergic??? Neurons Corelease Glutamate and Acetylcholine and Activate Postsynaptic Neurons via Distinct Transmission Modes, Neuron, vol.69, issue.3, pp.445-452, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.12.038
URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.12.038

F. M. Ribeiro, J. Alves-silva, and W. Volknandt, The hemicholinium-3 sensitive high affinity choline transporter is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and is present in endosomes and synaptic vesicles, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.114, issue.1, pp.136-146, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63041328.x

R. H. Edwards, Molecular cloning of a putative vesicular transporter for 48 acetylcholine, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.91, pp.10620-10624, 1994.

R. Gros and M. A. Prado, Cardiomyocyte-secreted acetylcholine is required for 51 maintenance of homeostasis in the heart, FASEB J, vol.27, pp.5072-5082, 2013.

D. Y. Sakae, F. Marti, and S. Lecca, The absence of VGLUT3 predisposes to cocaine abuse by increasing dopamine and glutamate signaling in the nucleus accumbens, Molecular Psychiatry, vol.79, issue.11, pp.1448-1459, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00367-0
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01536677

S. S. Ferguson, V. F. Prado, and M. A. Prado, Trafficking of green fluorescent 2 protein tagged-vesicular acetylcholine transporter to varicosities in a cholinergic cell 3 line, J Neurochem, vol.78, pp.1104-1113, 2001.

S. Steidl, H. Wang, M. Ordonez, S. Zhang, and M. Morales, Optogenetic excitation in the ventral tegmental area of glutamatergic or cholinergic inputs from the laterodorsal tegmental area drives reward, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol.18, issue.4, 2016.
DOI : 10.1038/nn.3945

J. D. Steketee and P. W. Kalivas, Drug Wanting: Behavioral Sensitization and Relapse to Drug-Seeking Behavior, Pharmacological Reviews, vol.63, issue.2, pp.348-365, 2011.
DOI : 10.1124/pr.109.001933
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3082449

S. Sugita, L. L. Fleming, and C. Wood, VAChT overexpression increases 12 acetylcholine at the synaptic cleft and accelerates aging of neuromuscular junctions, 2016.

P. K. Tan, C. Waites, Y. Liu, D. E. Krantz, and R. H. Edwards, A Leucine-based Motif Mediates the Endocytosis of Vesicular Monoamine and Acetylcholine Transporters, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.266, issue.28, pp.17351-17360, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.271.34.20660

J. T. Ting and G. Feng, Recombineering strategies for developing next generation 18 BAC transgenic tools for optogenetics and beyond, Front Behav Neurosci, vol.8, p.111, 2014.
DOI : 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00111
URL : http://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00111

L. Wang, X. Zhang, and H. Xu, Temporal components of cholinergic terminal to dopaminergic terminal transmission in dorsal striatum slices of mice, The Journal of Physiology, vol.425, issue.16, pp.3559-3576, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00374879

B. Westermann, Bioenergetic role of mitochondrial fusion and fission, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, vol.1817, issue.10, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.02.033

M. J. Williams and B. Adinoff, The Role of Acetylcholine in Cocaine Addiction, Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.22, issue.8, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/00004647-199806000-00004

J. Yao and L. B. Hersh, The vesicular monoamine transporter 2 contains trafficking signals in both its N-glycosylation and C-terminal domains, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.71, issue.Pt 17, pp.1387-1415, 2007.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71062518.x

W. Zhang, M. Yamada, J. Gomeza, A. S. Basile, and J. Wess, Multiple muscarinic 30 acetylcholine receptor subtypes modulate striatal dopamine release, as studied with 31 M1-M5 muscarinic receptor knock-out mice, J Neurosci, vol.22, pp.6347-6352, 2002.

Y. Zhao and J. H. Keen, Gyrating Clathrin: Highly Dynamic Clathrin Structures Involved in Rapid Receptor Recycling, Traffic, vol.14, issue.12, pp.2253-2264, 2008.
DOI : 10.1042/bss0720077

M. Liberge and M. Amalric, Involvement of Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons 39 and M1 and M4 Muscarinic Receptors in Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease, p.40, 2016.