J. Albrecht, M. Sidoryk-wegrzynowicz, M. Zielinska, and M. Aschner, Roles of glutamine in neurotransmission, Neuron Glia Biology, vol.16, issue.04, pp.263-276, 2010.
DOI : 10.1080/13813450902835690

M. P. Becker, P. F. Collins, and M. Luciana, Neurocognition in college-aged daily marijuana users, Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, vol.72, issue.1, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.12.016

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4074777

J. J. Burston, J. L. Wiley, A. A. Craig, D. E. Selley, and L. J. Sim-selley, Regional enhancement of cannabinoid CB1 receptor desensitization in female adolescent rats following repeated ??9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol.337, issue.1, pp.103-112, 2010.
DOI : 10.2174/1874473710801010099

D. M. Camp and T. E. Robinson, Susceptibility to sensitization. I. Sex differences in the enduring effects of chronic d-amphetamine treatment on locomotion, stereotyped behavior and brain monoamines, Behavioural Brain Research, vol.30, issue.1, pp.55-68, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-4328(88)90008-3

J. P. Caulkins, B. Kilmer, R. J. Maccoun, R. L. Pacula, and P. Reuter, Design considerations for legalizing cannabis: lessons inspired by analysis of California's Proposition 19, Addiction, vol.113, issue.5, pp.865-871, 2012.
DOI : 10.1046/j.0013-0133.2003.00171.x

L. Chang, C. Cloak, R. Yakupov, and T. Ernst, Combined and Independent Effects of Chronic Marijuana Use and HIV on Brain Metabolites, Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, vol.57, issue.1, pp.65-76, 2006.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.40.2.197

Y. Daikhin and M. Yudkoff, Compartmentation of brain glutamate metabolism in neurons and glia, Journal of Nutrition, vol.130, pp.1026-1031, 2000.

E. Marroun, H. Hudziak, J. J. Tiemeier, H. Creemers, H. Steegers et al., Intrauterine cannabis exposure leads to more aggressive behavior and attention problems in 18-month-old girls, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, vol.118, issue.2-3, pp.470-474, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.03.004

URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.03.004

T. Ernst, L. Chang, M. Leonido-yee, and O. Speck, Evidence for long-term neurotoxicity associated with methamphetamine abuse: A 1H MRS study, Neurology, vol.54, issue.6, pp.1344-1349, 2000.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.54.6.1344

B. Fischl, D. H. Salat, E. Busa, M. Albert, M. Dieterich et al., Whole Brain Segmentation, Neuron, vol.33, issue.3, pp.341-355, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00569-X

URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00569-x

M. Garwood and L. Delabarre, The Return of the Frequency Sweep: Designing Adiabatic Pulses for Contemporary NMR, Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol.153, issue.2, pp.155-177, 2001.
DOI : 10.1006/jmre.2001.2340

G. Gerdeman and D. M. Lovinger, CB1 cannabinoid receptor inhibits synaptic release of glutamate in rat dorsolateral striatum, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.85, pp.468-471, 2001.

G. L. Gerdeman, J. G. Partridge, C. R. Lupica, and D. M. Lovinger, It could be habit forming: drugs of abuse and striatal synaptic plasticity, Trends in Neurosciences, vol.26, issue.4, pp.184-192, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00065-1

V. Govindaraju, K. Young, and A. A. Maudsley, Proton NMR chemical shifts and coupling constants for brain metabolites, NMR in Biomedicine, vol.18, issue.3, pp.129-153, 2000.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.45.3.562

R. Gruetter, Automatic, localizedin Vivo adjustment of all first-and second-order shim coils, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.89, issue.6, pp.804-811, 1993.
DOI : 10.1148/radiology.153.1.6089263

R. Gruetter and I. Tkac, Field mapping without reference scan using asymmetric echo-planar techniques, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.41, issue.2, pp.319-323, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2594(200002)43:2<319::AID-MRM22>3.0.CO;2-1

URL : https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/177521/files/fastestmap.pdf

W. Hall and N. Solowij, Adverse effects of cannabis, The Lancet, vol.352, issue.9140, pp.1611-1616, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)05021-1

D. D. Hallfors, M. W. Waller, D. Bauer, C. A. Ford, and C. T. Halpern, Which Comes First in Adolescence???Sex and Drugs or Depression?, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, vol.29, issue.3, pp.163-170, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.amepre.2005.06.002

A. J. Hampson, M. Grimaldi, J. Axelrod, and D. Wink, Cannabidiol and (?)Delta9-tet- rahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95, pp.8268-8273, 1998.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.95.14.8268

URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC20965/pdf

L. C. Harte-hargrove and D. L. Dow-edwards, Withdrawal from THC during adolescence: Sex differences in locomotor activity and anxiety, Behavioural Brain Research, vol.231, issue.1, pp.48-59, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.02.048

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4212817

G. A. Henly and K. C. Winters, Development of psychosocial scales for the assessment of adolescents involved with alcohol and drugs, International Journal of the Addictions, vol.24, pp.973-1001, 1989.

P. G. Henry, M. Marjanska, J. D. Walls, J. Valette, R. Gruetter et al., Proton-observed carbon-edited NMR spectroscopy in strongly coupled second-order spin systems, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.153, issue.2, pp.250-257, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-2364(78)90098-7

URL : https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/177582/files/Henry_POCE_2006.pdf

M. Herkenham, A. B. Lynn, M. D. Little, M. R. Johnson, L. S. Melvin et al., Cannabinoid receptor localization in brain., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.87, issue.5, pp.1932-1936, 1990.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.87.5.1932

URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC53598/pdf

D. Hermann, A. Sartorius, H. Welzel, S. Walter, G. Skopp et al., Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex N-Acetylaspartate/Total Creatine (NAA/tCr) Loss in Male Recreational Cannabis Users, Biological Psychiatry, vol.61, issue.11, pp.1281-1289, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.027

A. F. Hoffman and C. R. Lupica, Direct actions of cannabinoids on synaptic transmission in the nucleus accumbens: a comparison with opioids, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.85, pp.72-83, 2001.

W. Huang, G. E. Alexander, E. M. Daly, H. U. Shetty, J. S. Krasuski et al., High brain myo-inositol levels in the predementia phase of Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down's syndrome: a 1H MRS study, The American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.156, pp.1879-1886, 1999.

J. Jr and C. R. , Alzheimer disease: new concepts on its neurobiology and the clinical role imaging will play, Radiology, vol.263, pp.344-361, 2012.

L. Jiang, B. I. Gulanski, H. M. De-feyter, S. A. Weinzimer, B. Pittman et al., Increased brain uptake and oxidation of acetate in heavy drinkers, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.123, issue.4, pp.1605-1614, 2013.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI65153

L. D. Johnston, P. M. O-'malley, J. G. Bachman, and J. E. Schulenberg, Monitoring the future national survey results on drug use, 1975.

L. G. Kaiser, M. Marjanska, G. B. Matson, I. Iltis, S. D. Bush et al., 1H MRS detection of glycine residue of reduced glutathione in vivo, Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol.202, issue.2, pp.259-266, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.11.013

P. W. Kalivas and N. D. Volkow, The Neural Basis of Addiction: A Pathology of Motivation and Choice, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.162, issue.8, pp.1403-1413, 2005.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1403

P. W. Kalivas, R. T. Lalumiere, L. Knackstedt, and H. Shen, Glutamate transmission in addiction, Neuropharmacology, vol.56, pp.169-173, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.07.011

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280337

J. Kaufman, B. Birmaher, D. Brent, U. Rao, C. Flynn et al., Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL): Initial Reliability and Validity Data, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, vol.36, issue.7, pp.980-988, 1997.
DOI : 10.1097/00004583-199707000-00021

G. F. Koob and N. D. Volkow, Neurocircuitry of Addiction, Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.16, issue.1, pp.217-238, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)01070-2

G. Marsicano, S. Goodenough, K. Monory, H. Hermann, M. Eder et al., CB1 Cannabinoid Receptors and On-Demand Defense Against Excitotoxicity, Science, vol.302, issue.5642, pp.84-88, 2003.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1088208

J. A. Matochik, D. A. Eldreth, J. L. Cadet, and K. I. Bolla, Altered brain tissue composition in heavy marijuana users, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, vol.77, issue.1, pp.23-30, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.06.011

J. Mcgrath, J. Welham, J. Scott, D. Varghese, L. Degenhardt et al., Association Between Cannabis Use and Psychosis-Related Outcomes Using Sibling Pair Analysis in a Cohort of Young Adults, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.67, issue.5, pp.440-447, 2010.
DOI : 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.6

T. Mcqueeny, C. B. Padula, J. Price, K. L. Medina, P. Logan et al., Gender effects on amygdala morphometry in adolescent marijuana users, Behavioural Brain Research, vol.224, issue.1, pp.128-134, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.05.031

K. L. Medina, T. Mcqueeny, B. J. Nagel, K. L. Hanson, A. D. Schweinsburg et al., Prefrontal Cortex Volumes in Adolescents With Alcohol Use Disorders: Unique Gender Effects, Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, vol.20, issue.3, pp.386-394, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2004.tb00079.x

K. L. Medina, T. Mcqueeny, B. J. Nagel, K. L. Hanson, T. T. Yang et al., Prefrontal cortex morphometry in abstinent adolescent marijuana users: subtle gender effects, Addiction Biology, vol.20, issue.1, pp.457-468, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-0357-5_3

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2741544

M. A. Mittleman, R. A. Lewis, M. Maclure, J. B. Sherwood, and J. E. Muller, Triggering Myocardial Infarction by Marijuana, Circulation, vol.103, issue.23, pp.2805-2809, 2001.
DOI : 10.1161/01.CIR.103.23.2805

URL : http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/circulationaha/103/23/2805.full.pdf

R. L. Muetzel, P. F. Collins, B. A. Mueller, K. O. Lim, and M. Luciana, The development of corpus callosum microstructure and associations with bimanual task performance in healthy adolescents, NeuroImage, vol.39, issue.4, 1918.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.10.018

I. Mugler, J. P. Brookeman, and J. R. , Three-dimensional magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo imaging (3D MP RAGE), Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.8, issue.1, pp.152-157, 1990.
DOI : 10.1002/mrm.1910150117

E. A. Olson, P. F. Collins, C. J. Hooper, R. Muetzel, K. O. Lim et al., White Matter Integrity Predicts Delay Discounting Behavior in 9- to 23-Year-Olds: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol.27, issue.7, pp.1406-1421, 2009.
DOI : 10.1037/1064-1297.15.2.186

G. C. Patton, C. Coffey, J. B. Carlin, L. Degenhardt, M. Lynskey et al., Cannabis use and mental health in young people: cohort study, BMJ, vol.325, issue.7374, pp.1195-1198, 2002.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.325.7374.1195

URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC135489/pdf

R. G. Pertwee, Ligands that target cannabinoid receptors in the brain: from THC to anandamide and beyond, Addiction Biology, vol.17, issue.2, pp.147-159, 2008.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02704.x

P. Jr, H. G. Yurgelun-todd, and D. , The residual cognitive effects of heavy marijuana use in college students, Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.275, pp.521-527, 1996.

P. Jr, H. G. Jacobs, A. Mialet, J. P. Yurgelun-todd, D. Gruber et al., Evidence for a sex-specific residual effect of cannabis on visuospatial memory, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, vol.66, pp.179-184, 1997.

J. N. Porter, P. F. Collins, R. L. Muetzel, K. O. Lim, and M. Luciana, Associations between cortical thickness and verbal fluency in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood, NeuroImage, vol.55, issue.4, pp.1865-1877, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.01.018

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3063407

A. P. Prescot, A. E. Locatelli, P. F. Renshaw, and D. A. Yurgelun-todd, Neurochemical alterations in adolescent chronic marijuana smokers: A proton MRS study, NeuroImage, vol.57, issue.1, pp.69-75, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.02.044

S. W. Provencher, Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localizedin vivo proton NMR spectra, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.10, issue.6, pp.672-679, 1993.
DOI : 10.1148/radiology.187.1.8451417

S. W. Provencher, Automatic quantitation of localizedin vivo1H spectra with LCModel, NMR in Biomedicine, vol.18, issue.4, pp.260-264, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0730-725X(99)00110-1

E. Schlicker and M. Kathmann, Modulation of transmitter release via presynaptic cannabinoid receptors, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, vol.22, issue.11, pp.565-572, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-6147(00)01805-8

D. L. Sherrill, M. Krzyzanowski, J. W. Bloom, and M. D. Lebowitz, Respiratory Effects of Non-Tobacco Cigarettes: A Longitudinal Study in General Population, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.20, issue.1, pp.132-137, 1991.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/20.1.132

M. S. Silver, R. I. Joseph, and D. I. Hoult, Highly selective Pi/2 and Pi-pulse generation, Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol.59, pp.347-351, 1984.

M. M. Silveri, J. E. Jensen, I. M. Rosso, J. T. Sneider, and D. A. Yurgelun-todd, Preliminary evidence for white matter metabolite differences in marijuana-dependent young men using 2D J-resolved magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging at 4 Tesla, Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, vol.191, issue.3, pp.201-211, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.10.005

S. M. Smith, M. Jenkinson, M. W. Woolrich, C. F. Beckmann, T. E. Behrens et al., Advances in functional and structural MR image analysis and implementation as FSL, NeuroImage, vol.23, pp.208-219, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051

URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.63.2059

N. Solowij and R. Battisti, The Chronic Effects of Cannabis on Memory in Humans: A Review, Current Drug Abuse Reviewse, vol.1, issue.1, pp.81-98, 2008.
DOI : 10.2174/1874473710801010081

L. M. Squeglia, J. Jacobus, and S. F. Tapert, The Influence of Substance Use on Adolescent Brain Development, Clinical EEG and Neuroscience, vol.18, issue.8, pp.31-38, 2009.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.2002.1281

L. M. Squeglia, A. D. Spadoni, M. A. Infante, M. G. Myers, and S. F. Tapert, Initiating moderate to heavy alcohol use predicts changes in neuropsychological functioning for adolescent girls and boys., Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, vol.23, issue.4, pp.715-722, 2009.
DOI : 10.1037/a0016516

L. M. Squeglia, A. D. Schweinsburg, C. Pulido, and S. F. Tapert, Adolescent Binge Drinking Linked to Abnormal Spatial Working Memory Brain Activation: Differential Gender Effects, Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, vol.16, issue.1 Pt 1, pp.1831-1841, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4530(91)90076-6

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3183294

B. Szabo and E. Schlicker, Effects of Cannabinoids on Neurotransmission, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, pp.327-365, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/3-540-26573-2_11

B. Szabo, L. Dorner, C. Pfreundtner, W. Norenberg, and K. Starke, Inhibition of GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents by cannabinoids in rat corpus striatum, Neuroscience, vol.85, issue.2, pp.395-403, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0306-4522(97)00597-6

I. Tkac, Z. Starcuk, I. Y. Choi, and R. Gruetter, In vivo1H NMR spectroscopy of rat brain at 1 ms echo time, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.39, issue.4, pp.649-656, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/mrm.1910390511

Y. Wang and Z. H. Qin, Molecular and cellular mechanisms of excitotoxic neuronal death, Apoptosis, vol.10, issue.11, pp.1382-1402, 2010.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.178.10.6549

D. Wechsler, Manual for the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. The Psychological Corporation, 1999.

R. A. Yeo, R. J. Thoma, C. Gasparovic, M. Monnig, N. Harlaar et al., Neurometabolite concentration and clinical features of chronic alcohol use: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study, Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, vol.211, issue.2, pp.141-147, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.05.005

A. Zalesky, N. Solowij, M. Yucel, D. I. Lubman, M. Takagi et al., Effect of long-term cannabis use on axonal fibre connectivity, Brain, vol.135, issue.7, pp.2245-2255, 2012.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/aws136