All data used in this study are publicly accessible . MMS data are available at the MMS Science Data Center (https, p.25, 2018. ,
, The OMNI data can be downloaded from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, p.25, 2018.
, References
Differing Properties of Two Ion-Scale Magnetopause Flux Ropes, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.119, issue.5, pp.114-131, 2018. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.055101
Electron-scale measurements of magnetic reconnection in space, Science, vol.352, issue.6290, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2001JA000287
Experimental study of lower-hybrid drift turbulence in a reconnecting current sheet, Phys. Plasmas, vol.9, issue.3272, 2002. ,
, Physics Today, vol.15, issue.3, 1961.
DOI : 10.1063/1.3058072
Kinetic Alfv??n wave explanation of the Hall fields in magnetic reconnection, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.27, issue.8, pp.634-640, 2017. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1999GL003688
Electromagnetic properties of the lower-hybrid drift instability in a thin current sheet, Physics of Plasmas, vol.8, issue.8, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1029/97JA02093
Lower hybrid drift instability at a dipolarization front, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.36, issue.7, pp.1124-1132, 2015. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2009GL040663
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2014JA020528
Ion-scale secondary flux ropes generated by magnetopause reconnection as resolved by MMS, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.117, issue.A9, pp.4716-4724, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2011JA017166
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016GL068747
Magnetic flux ropes in the Venus ionosphere: Observations and models, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.85, issue.A1, pp.58-72, 1983. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JA085iA13p07787
The Axial Double Probe and Fields Signal Processing for the MMS Mission, Space Science Reviews, vol.13, issue.1/2, pp.167-188, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s11214-014-0109-8
URL : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0861-4_7
Magnetic island formation between large-scale flow vortices at an undulating postnoon magnetopause for northward interplanetary magnetic field, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.81, issue.A1, pp.0-17, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JA081i010p01636
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01553817
Magnetospheric Multiscale observations of magnetic reconnection associated with Kelvin-Helmholtz waves, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.108, issue.A1, pp.5606-5615, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2002JA009281
A multi-instrument study of flux transfer event structure, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.34, issue.A12, pp.14465-14477, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0032-0633(86)90071-1
Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission observations and non-force free modeling of a flux transfer event immersed in a super-Alfv??nic flow, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.113, issue.A8, pp.6070-6077, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2008JA013451
Electrostatic temperature gradient drift instabilities, Physics of Fluids, vol.17, issue.8, pp.1500-1509, 1979. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/17/1/008
Electron dynamics in a subproton-gyroscale magnetic hole, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.99, issue.A12, pp.4112-4118, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1029/94JA01977
, , pp.879-889, 2018.
Magnetic depression of a flux rope mura MMS Multipoint electric field observations of smallscale magnetic holes, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.43, pp.5953-5959, 2016. ,
Electron Dynamics in the Diffusion Region of an Asymmetric Magnetic Reconnection, Physical Review Letters, vol.112, issue.21, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevA.4.2094
Lower hybrid waves in the ion diffusion and magnetospheric inflow regions, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.43, issue.A5, pp.517-533, 2017. ,
DOI : 10.1002/2016GL069842
The structure of flux transfer events recovered from Cluster data, Annales Geophysicae, vol.24, issue.2, pp.603-618, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-24-603-2006
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330038
Kelvin-Helmholtz waves at the Earth's magnetopause: Multiscale development and associated reconnection, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.113, issue.9, p.12207, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2007JA012850
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2009JA014042
Evidence for a flux transfer event generated by multiple X-line reconnection at the magnetopause, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.113, issue.52, p.16101, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2008JA013451
Lower-hybrid-drift wave turbulence in the distant magnetotail, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.78, issue.A11, pp.5217-5226, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JA078i007p01082
THEMIS observations of a transient event at the magnetopause, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.93, issue.3-4, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JA093iA10p11341
URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2011JA016606/pdf
The search-coil magnetometer for MMS, Space Sci. Rev, vol.199, pp.257-282, 2014. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01552023
Kinetic evidence of magnetic reconnection due to Kelvin-Helmholtz waves, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.184, issue.1-4, pp.5635-5643, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s11214-014-0108-9
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01352463
The Spin-Plane Double Probe Electric Field Instrument for MMS, Space Science Reviews, vol.36, issue.1-4, pp.137-165, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1109/TPS.2008.2003134
URL : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0861-4_6
Magnetohydrostatic field, Ark. Fys, pp.361-365, 1950. ,
Cross-scale energy transport in space plasmas, Nature Physics, vol.11, issue.12, pp.1164-1169, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1007/978-90-481-3499-1_1
Three-dimensional dynamics of vortex-induced reconnection and comparison with THEMIS observations, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.110, issue.A7, pp.5742-5757, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2005JA011150
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jgra.50547
Lower Hybrid Drift Waves: Space Observations, Physical Review Letters, vol.109, issue.5, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1029/98JA01104
Direct evidence for a threedimensional magnetic flux rope flanked by two active magnetic reconnection X lines at Earth's magnetopause, Phys. Rev. Lett, vol.107, 2011. ,
and magnetic shear: Evidence from magnetopause observations, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.117, issue.1, pp.11-16, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2011JA016959
URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2012GL054528/pdf
MMS observations of electron-scale filamentary currents in the reconnection exhaust and near the X line, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.2010, issue.1, pp.6060-6069, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s11214-014-0109-8
Fast Plasma Investigation for Magnetospheric Multiscale, Space Science Reviews, vol.129, issue.1-4, pp.331-406, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s11214-007-9177-3
URL : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0861-4_12
Magnetic topologies of an in vivo FTE observed by Double Star/TC-1 at Earth's magnetopause, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.117, issue.A11, pp.3502-3506, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2011JA017166
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/grl.50714
What is the nature of magnetosheath FTEs?, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.35, issue.23, pp.4576-4595, 2015. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0032-0633(87)90046-8
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01551989
Initial ISEE magnetometer results: Magnetopause observations, Space Sci. Rev, vol.22, pp.681-715, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-009-9527-7_26
The Magnetospheric Multiscale Magnetometers, Space Science Reviews, vol.8, issue.10, pp.189-256, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1007/BF02962520
URL : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0861-4_8
Crater FTEs: Simulation results and THEMIS observations, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.79, issue.17, pp.17-23, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2008GL033568
URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2008GL033568/pdf
Evidence for magnetic field reconnection at the Earth's magnetopause, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.82, issue.A12, pp.10049-10067, 1981. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JA082i004p00699
Evolution of a typical ion-scale magnetic flux rope caused by thermal pressure enhancement, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.43, issue.A4, pp.2040-2050, 2017. ,
DOI : 10.1002/2016GL071568
Plasma diffusion at the magnetopause: The case of lower hybrid drift waves, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.21, issue.20, pp.16009-16013, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.862321
Interaction of Magnetic Flux Ropes Via Magnetic Reconnection Observed at the Magnetopause, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.103, issue.3, pp.10436-10447, 2017. ,
DOI : 10.1029/97JA00076
Observations of large-amplitude, parallel, electrostatic waves associated with the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability by the magnetospheric multiscale mission, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.19, issue.8, pp.8859-8866, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-19-1721-2001
Modeling a force-free flux transfer event probed by multiple Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.51, issue.1, pp.0-05, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0032-0633(03)00116-8
Evidence that crater flux transfer events are initial stages of typical flux transfer events, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.113, issue.A1, p.8229, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2008JA013451
URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009JA015013/pdf
Generation and properties of in vivo flux transfer events, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.116, issue.A12, p.5224, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2011JA016500
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2011JA017166
Force balance at the magnetopause determined with MMS: Application to flux transfer events, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.113, issue.1-4, pp.11941-11947, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2008ja013451