, Meanwhile, several studies show the reality of Shakespeare's debt to Machiavelli, including Roe's. See also, among many others: Lily Campbell's influential Shakespeare's Histories, which argued for Shakespeare's direct knowledge of Machiavelli, Grady's-although Grady also asserts that it is now known

, Shakespeare was certainly aware of Machiavelli as the stage villain: Marlowe has a character called Machevil in The Jew of Malta (first performed 1592) and Shakespeare himself mentions "murderous Machiavel, vol.109, 2005.

, See Meyer and Bawcutt for a fairly recent revision

, Petrina edits two manuscript translations of The Prince and offers a thorough study of the reception of Machiavelli in England in early modern England. See also Kahn, and Arienzo and Petrina. More generally on the reception of Machiavelli in Europe, see Pocock and Bireley

, For an electronic edition of these translations, see the HyperMachiavel project, based at the École Normale Supérieure in Lyon

, The William Fowler manuscript was written some time before 1612 (which is when Fowler died)

, the second one is anonymous and is dated from the 1590s by Petrina (117)

, On the implications of Heny IV's "pilgrimage," see in particular McAlindon 1995, Knowles 66-86. For the reality of medieval pilgrimage and crusade, see Webb 78-113, and on Henry IV, see GivenWilson

, For an interpretation of Henry V as staging "the triumph of reified political power over potentially subversive forces

, On the question of forging a national memory in Shakespeare's second tetralogy, see in particular Baldo, Karrenmann 123-152, and Hiscock and Wilder, chapter 13. visited on Henry V's weak son, Henry VI, in a vindication of Machiavelli, as evidence if need be that

, Line COTTEGNIES Sorbonne Université VALE EA, vol.4085

, Literary and Political Influences from the Reformation to the Restoration, 2013.

F. Bacon, Essays or Counsels Civil and Moral, in The Works of Francis Bacon 1858, vol.6, 2011.

J. Baldo, Memory in Shakespeare's Histories. Stages of Forgetting in Early Modern England, 2012.

N. W. Bawcutt, The 'Myth of Gentillet' Reconsidered: An Aspect of Elizabethan Machiavellism, Modern Language Review, vol.99, pp.863-74, 2004.

R. Bireley, The Counter-Reformation Prince: Anti-Machiavellism or Catholic Statecraft in Early Modern Europe, Chapel Hill: The U of North Carolina P, 1990.

S. Brutus, . Junius, and C. The,

R. ;. Camerlingo, V. Henry, G. The-just-war:-shakespeare, and M. , Machiavellian Encounters in Tudor and Stuart England. Literary and Political Influences from the Reformation to the Restoration, pp.103-123, 2013.

L. Campbell, Shakespeare's Histories: Mirrors of Elizabethan Policy, 1947.

. Coll, Index auctorum et librorum qui tanquam haeretici, aut suspecti, aut perniciosi, ab officio S. Ro. Inquisitionis reprobantur, et in universa Christian republica interdicuntur, p.1557

J. D. Cox, Shakespeare and Political Philosophy, Philosophy and Literature, vol.26, pp.207-231, 2002.
DOI : 10.1353/phl.2002.0004

B. Cummings, Mortal Thoughts: Religion, Secularity and Identity in Shakespeare and Early Modern Culture, 2013.

J. Florio, . Worlde, and . Wordes, , p.1598

I. Gentillet, A Discourse upon the Meanes of Wel Governing and Maintaining in Good Peace, a Kingdome, or other principalitie (?) Against Nicholas Machiavelli the Florentine, Discours sur les moyens de bien gouverner et maintenir en bonne paix un royaume ou autre principauté. (?) Contre Nicolas Machiavel Florentin, vol.1602, 2016.

H. Grady, . Shakespeare, . Machiavelli, . Montaigne, and . Oxford, , 2002.

G. Hammill and J. Reinhardt-lupton, Political Theology and Early Modernity, 2012.
DOI : 10.7208/chicago/9780226314990.001.0001

S. Hayward and . John, The First Part of the Life and Raigne of King Henrie IIII, 1905.

, The Routledge Handbook of Shakespeare and Memory. London and New York: Routledge, 2018.

R. Holinshed, S. Chronicles-of-england, . Ireland, and . London, , vol.4, 1577.

K. Jackson and A. F. Marotti, Religion, Secularity, and Shakespeare, pp.542-56, 2017.

G. Jones and . Stedman, Pierre Rosanvallon, Counter-Democracy: Politics in an, Age of Distrust. Trans. Arthur Goldhammer. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2008.

V. Kahn, Machiavellian Rhetoric: From the Counter-Reformation to Milton, 1994.

I. Karrenmann, The Drama of Memory in Shakespeare's History Plays. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2015.

R. A. Kaster, The Oxford Encyclopedia of, vol.1, pp.148-57, 2010.

R. Knowles, Shakespeare's Arguments with History, 2002.

N. Machiavelli, Con alcune altre operette, i titoli delle quali trouerai nella seguente facciata, Nicolai Machiavelli Reip. Florentiniae a secretis, ad Laurentium Medicem de Principe libellous. Basilae, 1560, vol.1640, 2018.

T. Mcalindon, Pilgrims of Grace: Henry IV Historicized, Shakespeare Survey, vol.48, pp.69-84, 1995.

, Shakespeare's Tudor History: A Study of Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2. Aldershot and, 2001.

E. Meyer, . Machiavelli, . The-elizabethan, and . Drama, Weimar: Literarhistoriche Forschungen, 1897.

B. Nelson, The Making of the Modern State. A Theoretical Evolution, 2006.

A. Petrina, Machiavelli in the British Isles. Two Early Modern Translations of The Prince, 2009.

C. Pierson, The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition, 1975.

J. Roe, . Shakespeare, . Machiavelli, . S. Cambridge:-d, and . Brewer, , 2002.

G. Venet, I. V. «-l'histoire-d'henry, . Notice, and . William-shakespeare, , pp.1487-1528, 2008.

B. Walsh, Unsettled Toleration. Religious Difference on the Shakespearean Stage, pp.1-14, 2016.

D. Webb, Medieval European Pilgrimage c.700-c.1500. London: Palgrave, pp.78-113, 2002.