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Article Dans Une Revue Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology Année : 2019

New species of Iodes fruits (Icacinaceae) from the early Eocene Le Quesnoy locality

Résumé

The floristic diversity of the Le Quesnoy amber locality (Ypresian, Oise France) remains understudied. Icacinaceae Miers, particularly, require careful study, as they are the most abundant family in the site, with 185 nearly complete lignitic endocarps specimens and numerous fragments. In this paper, we recognise three species of Icacinaceae, two of which are new, that belong to the genus Iodes. Indeed, all Iodes species from this site have the following diagnostic characters: a vascular bundle inside the endocarp wall, a reticulum of external ridges, and papillae on the surface of the locule. Iodes rigida sp. nov differs from the others in having a hole at the apex, a pattern of reticulation that delimits some areoles, an “I-Beam” ridge structure, and punctuated and heterogeneous sessile, rounded papillae. Iodes acuta sp. nov. is distinct from the others due to its unique apical outgrowth (composed of the main ridge that runs from the base up to the apex and a protuberance from the keel merged), a very thin wall, and sharp ridges. Therefore, these new species have a combination of new morpho-anatomical characters never observed before and not found in extant Iodes species. Despite some scarce differences, some specimens from Le Quesnoy are attributed to I. parva. Finally, several seeds are recognised as Icacinaceae without particular affinity. These seeds are elliptical in shape, lenticular in transverse section, and slightly asymmetrical to completely asymmetrical at the apex. A review of the Iodes fossil record is provided. The significance of endocarp ridge morphology is discussed in light of new fossils and extant data. These fossils show affinities with representatives from other Eocene sites of Europe and with the Thanetian Rivecourt site (Oise, France) and appear to have mixed affinities with the modern floras of Asia and Africa. Other studies on this remarkable site, focusing on additional taxonomic groups, are necessary to elucidate the relationship between Le Quesnoy and other floras from the past and the present.
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Dates et versions

hal-02404789 , version 1 (11-12-2019)

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Cédric del Rio, Gregory Stull, Dario de Franceschi. New species of Iodes fruits (Icacinaceae) from the early Eocene Le Quesnoy locality. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2019, 262, pp.60-71. ⟨10.1016/j.revpalbo.2018.12.005⟩. ⟨hal-02404789⟩
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