J. Bottero and B. Lartiges, Séparation liquide/solide par coagulation-floculation : les coagulants-floculants, mécanismes d'agrégation, structure et densité des flocs. / Liquid/solid separation by coagulation-flocculation, coagulants-flocculants, flocs structure and density, Sciences Géologiques. Bulletin, vol.46, issue.1, pp.163-174, 1993.

. Suez, Processus élémentaires du génie physico-chimique en traitement de l'eau

, Jul, vol.30, 2018.

O. M. Urbain and W. R. Stemen, Process for Treating Liquids. US2232294A, 1941.

C. D. Latour, Magnetic Separation in Water Pollution Control, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol.1973, issue.3, pp.314-316

,

C. Latour and H. Kolm, Magnetic Separation in Water Pollution Control -II, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol.11, issue.5, pp.1570-1572, 1975.

B. A. Bolto and T. H. Spurling, Water Purification With Magnetic Particles, In Fourth Symposium on our Environment

D. Springer, , pp.139-143, 1991.

,

S. Yiacoumi, D. A. Rountree, and C. Tsouris, Mechanism of Particle Flocculation by Magnetic Seeding, Journal of colloid and interface science, vol.184, issue.2, pp.477-488, 1996.

N. Karapinar, E. Hoffmann, and H. H. Hahn, Magnetite Seeded Precipitation of Phosphate, Water research, vol.38, issue.13, pp.3059-3066, 2004.

S. L. Cort, Magnetic Separation and Seeding to Improve Ballasted Clarification of Water. US7820053B2, 2010.

S. L. Cort, Magnetic Ballast Clarification Designs and Applications. US20160221845A1, 2016.

J. Lohwacharin, K. Oguma, and S. Takizawa, Use of Carbon Black Nanoparticles to Mitigate Membrane Fouling in Ultrafiltration of River Water. Separation and Purification Technology, vol.72, pp.61-69, 2010.

E. Tombácz, C. Csanaky, and E. Illés, Polydisperse Fractal Aggregate Formation in Clay Mineral and Iron Oxide Suspensions, PH and Ionic Strength Dependence. Colloid and Polymer Science, vol.279, pp.484-492, 2001.

F. Cousin, V. Cabuil, and P. Levitz, Magnetic Colloidal Particles as Probes for the Determination of the Structure of Laponite Suspensions, Langmuir, vol.18, issue.5, pp.1466-1473, 2002.

Y. Ji, L. Black, P. G. Weidler, and M. Janek, Preparation of Nanostructured Materials by Heterocoagulation Interaction of Montmorillonite with Synthetic Hematite Particles, Langmuir, vol.20, issue.22, pp.9796-9806, 2004.

E. Tombacz, Z. Libor, E. Illes, A. Majzik, and E. Klumpp, The Role of Reactive Surface Sites and Complexation by Humic Acids in the Interaction of Clay Mineral and Iron Oxide Particles, Organic Geochemistry, vol.35, issue.3, pp.257-267, 2004.

C. Galindo-gonzalez, J. De-vicente, M. M. Ramos-tejada, M. T. Lopez-lopez, F. Gonzalez-caballero et al., Preparation and Sedimentation Behavior in Magnetic Fields of Magnetite-Covered Clay Particles, Langmuir, vol.21, issue.10, pp.4410-4419, 2005.

T. Szabó, A. Bakandritsos, V. Tzitzios, S. Papp, L. Korösi et al., Magnetic Iron Oxide/Clay Composites: Effect of the Layer Silicate Support on the Microstructure and Phase Formation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, vol.18, issue.28, p.285602, 2007.

A. Esteban-cubillo, J. F. Marco, J. S. Moya, and C. Pecharromán, On the Nature and Location of Nanoparticulate Iron Phases and Their Precursors Synthetized within a Sepiolite Matrix, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, issue.8, pp.2864-2871, 2008.

F. Cousin, V. Cabuil, I. Grillo, and P. Levitz, Competition between Entropy and Electrostatic Interactions in a Binary Colloidal Mixture of Spheres and Platelets, Langmuir, vol.24, issue.20, pp.11422-11430, 2008.

Z. Orolínová and A. Mockov?iaková, Structural Study of Bentonite/Iron Oxide Composites, Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol.114, issue.2-3, pp.956-961, 2009.

F. L. Paula, O. De, G. J. Da-silva, R. Aquino, J. Depeyrot et al., A. Gravitational and Magnetic Separation in Self-Assembled Clay-Ferrofluid

, Nanocomposites. Brazilian Journal of Physics, vol.39, issue.1A, pp.163-170, 2009.

C. Galindo-gonzalez, J. M. Feinberg, T. Kasama, L. C. Gontard, M. Pósfai et al., Magnetic and Microscopic Characterization of Magnetite Nanoparticles Adhered to Clay Surfaces, American Mineralogist, vol.94, issue.8-9, pp.1120-1129, 2009.

N. Bunnak, S. Ummartyotin, P. Laoratanakul, A. S. Bhalla, and H. Manuspiya, Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Porous Clay Heterostructure, Journal of Porous Materials, vol.21, issue.1, pp.1-8, 2014.

H. Liu, W. Chen, C. Liu, Y. Liu, and C. Dong, Magnetic Mesoporous Clay Adsorbent: Preparation, Characterization and Adsorption Capacity for Atrazine, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, vol.194, pp.72-78, 2014.

J. A. Marins, A. Mija, J. Pin, F. Giulieri, B. G. Soares et al., Anisotropic Reinforcement of Epoxy-Based Nanocomposites with Aligned Magnetite-Sepiolite Hybrid Nanofiller, Composites Science and Technology, vol.112, pp.34-41, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01150872

M. M. Barry, Y. Jung, J. Lee, T. X. Phuoc, and M. K. Chyu, Fluid Filtration and Rheological Properties of Nanoparticle Additive and Intercalated Clay Hybrid Bentonite Drilling Fluids, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, vol.127, pp.338-346, 2015.

A. Middea, L. S. Spinelli, F. G. Junior, R. Neumann, O. Gomes et al., Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Palygorskite Nanoparticles and Their Application on Methylene Blue Remotion from Water, Applied Surface Science, vol.346, pp.232-239, 2015.

L. Bailey, H. N. Lekkerkerker, and G. C. Maitland, Smectite Clay-Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixed Suspensions: Phase Behaviour and Rheology, Soft Matter, vol.11, issue.2, pp.222-236, 2015.

R. Massart, Preparation of Aqueous Magnetic Liquids in Alkaline and Acidic Media, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol.17, issue.2, pp.1247-1248, 1981.

E. Paineau, K. Antonova, C. Baravian, I. Bihannic, P. Davidson et al., Liquid-Crystalline Nematic Phase in Aqueous Suspensions of a Disk-Shaped Natural Beidellite Clay, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, issue.48, pp.15858-15869, 2009.

G. Charlot, Les Méthodes de La Chimie Analytique, Quatriême Édition, 1961.

G. Beaucage, Approximations Leading to a Unified

, Exponential/Power-Law Approach to Small-Angle Scattering, J Appl Cryst, vol.28, issue.6, pp.717-728, 1995.

,

J. Bacri, R. Perzynski, D. Salin, V. Cabuil, and R. Massart, Magnetic Colloidal Properties of Ionic Ferrofluids, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol.62, issue.1, pp.36-46, 1986.

I. T. Lucas, S. Durand-vidal, E. Dubois, J. Chevalet, and P. Turq, Surface Charge Density of Maghemite Nanoparticles: Role of Electrostatics in the Proton Exchange, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, issue.50, pp.18568-18576, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00204837

J. C. Remy and L. Orsini, Utilisation du chlorure de cobaltihexammine pour la détermination simultanée de la capacité d'échange et des bases échangeables des sols, Science du Sol, vol.4, pp.269-275, 1976.

E. Paineau, Influence de la minéralogie et de la morphologie, 2011.

G. Lagaly and S. Ziesmer, Colloid Chemistry of Clay Minerals: The Coagulation of Montmorillonite Dispersions, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, pp.105-128, 2003.

, , pp.64-71

L. J. Michot, I. Bihannic, F. Thomas, B. S. Lartiges, Y. Waldvogel et al., Coagulation of Na-Montmorillonite by Inorganic Cations at Neutral pH. A Combined Transmission X-Ray Microscopy, Small Angle and Wide Angle X-Ray Scattering Study, Langmuir, vol.2013, issue.10, pp.3500-3510
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01119381

,

L. J. Michot, I. Bihannic, K. Porsch, S. Maddi, C. Baravian et al., Phase Diagrams of Wyoming Na-Montmorillonite Clay. Influence of Particle Anisotropy, Langmuir, vol.20, issue.25, pp.10829-10837, 2004.

T. F. Tadros, Solid-Liquid Dispersions, 1987.

C. Wilhelm, F. Gazeau, and J. Bacri, Magnetophoresis and Ferromagnetic Resonance of Magnetically Labeled Cells, European Biophysics Journal, vol.31, issue.2, pp.118-125, 2002.

J. Berret, O. Sandre, and A. Mauger, Size Distribution of Superparamagnetic Particles Determined by Magnetic Sedimentation, Langmuir, vol.23, issue.6, pp.2993-2999, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00341575

D. A. White and S. Amornraksa, Batch Sedimentation of Magnetic Flocs in a Magnetic Field, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.79, issue.2, pp.165-169, 2000.

C. Turchiuli and C. Fargues, Influence of Structural Properties of Alum and Ferric Flocs on Sludge Dewaterability, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.103, issue.1-3, pp.123-131, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01283076