G. S. Kerr, C. W. Hallahan, and J. Giordano, Takayasu arteritis, Ann Intern Med, vol.120, pp.919-948, 1994.

J. Schmidt, T. A. Kermani, and A. K. Bacani, Diagnostic features, treatment, and outcomes of Takayasu arteritis in a US cohort of 126 patients, Mayo Clin Proc, vol.88, pp.822-852, 2013.

J. Schmidt, T. A. Kermani, A. K. Bacani, C. S. Crowson, E. L. Matteson et al., Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in patients with Takayasu arteritis: experience from a referral center with long-term followup, Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), vol.64, pp.1079-83, 2012.

A. Mekinian, A. Neel, and J. Sibilia, Efficacy and tolerance of infliximab in refractory Takayasu arteritis: French multicentre study, Rheumatology (Oxford), vol.51, pp.882-888, 2012.

Y. Ferfar, T. Mirault, and A. C. Desbois, Biotherapies in large vessel vasculitis, Autoimmun Rev, vol.15, pp.544-51, 2016.

A. Mekinian, C. Comarmond, and M. Resche-rigon, Efficacy of biologicaltargeted treatments in Takayasu arteritis: multicenter, retrospective study of 49 patients, Circulation, vol.132, pp.1693-700, 2015.

D. Saadoun, M. Lambert, and T. Mirault, Retrospective analysis of surgery versus endovascular intervention in Takayasu arteritis: a multicenter experience, Circulation, vol.125, pp.813-822, 2012.

N. Abisror, A. Mekinian, C. Lavigne, M. A. Vandenhende, M. Soussan et al., Tocilizumab in refractory Takayasu arteritis: a case series and updated literature review, Autoimmun Rev, vol.12, pp.1143-1152, 2013.

M. Samson, G. Espigol-frigole, and N. Terrades-garcia, Biological treatments in giant cell arteritis & Takayasu arteritis, Eur J Intern Med, vol.50, pp.12-21, 2018.

C. A. Canas, F. Canas, and J. H. Izquierdo, Efficacy and safety of anti-interleukin 6 receptor monoclonal antibody (tocilizumab) in Colombian patients with Takayasu arteritis, J Clin Rheumatol, vol.20, pp.125-134, 2014.

J. Loricera, R. Blanco, and J. L. Hernandez, Tocilizumab in patients with Takayasu arteritis: a retrospective study and literature review, Clin Exp Rheumatol, vol.34, pp.44-53, 2016.

M. Bredemeier, C. M. Rocha, M. V. Barbosa, and E. H. Pitrez, One-year clinical and radiological evolution of a patient with refractory Takayasu's arteritis under treatment with tocilizumab, Clin Exp Rheumatol, vol.30, pp.98-100, 2012.

T. Xenitidis, M. Horger, G. Zeh, L. Kanz, and J. C. Henes, Sustained inflammation of the aortic wall despite tocilizumab treatment in two cases of Takayasu arteritis, Rheumatology (Oxford), vol.52, pp.1729-1760, 2013.

Y. Nakaoka, M. Isobe, and S. Takei, Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis: results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.78, p.9, 2019.

E. D. Batu, H. E. Sonmez, T. Hazirolan, F. Ozaltin, Y. Bilginer et al., Tocilizumab treatment in childhood Takayasu arteritis: case series of four patients and systematic review of the literature, Semin Arthritis Rheum, vol.46, pp.529-564, 2017.

P. Decker, P. Olivier, J. Risse, S. Zuily, and D. Wahl, Tocilizumab and refractory Takayasu disease: four case reports and systematic review, Autoimmun Rev, vol.17, pp.353-60, 2018.

Y. H. Lee and G. G. Song, Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis, Ann Rheum Dis, vol.78, p.9, 2019.

J. Zhou, Z. Chen, and J. Li, The efficacy of tocilizumab for the treatment of Chinese Takayasu's arteritis, Clin Exp Rheumatol, vol.35, issue.103, pp.171-176, 2017.

C. Comarmond, L. Biard, and M. Lambert, Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors of complications in Takayasu arteritis: a multicenter study of 318 patients, Circulation, vol.136, pp.1114-1136, 2017.

L. Barra, G. Yang, and C. Pagnoux, Canadian Vasculitis network (CanVasc) nonglucocorticoid drugs for the treatment of Takayasu's arteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Autoimmun Rev, vol.17, pp.683-93, 2018.

, Publisher's Note

, Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations