Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections: a European multicenter cohort study - Sorbonne Université
Article Dans Une Revue Intensive Care Medicine Année : 2021

Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections: a European multicenter cohort study

1 CHRU Lille - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille]
2 LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995
3 St James's University Hospital
4 IDIBAPS - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer
5 NOVA - Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon
6 UTH - University of Thessaly [Volos]
7 CIBERES - Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias
8 Centre hospitalier [Valenciennes, Nord]
9 CHU Amiens-Picardie
10 CHU Caen
11 Centre Hospitalier [Douai, Nord]
12 CHU Dijon - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand
13 EnVI - Endothélium, valvulopathies et insuffisance cardiaque
14 Institut de cardiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière]
15 ICAN - Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
16 METRICS - Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694
17 Hôpital Saint Philibert [Lomme]
18 CIC 1402 - CIC Poitiers – Centre d'investigation clinique de Poitiers
19 AP-HP - Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP]
20 CHU Angers - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers
21 CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP]
22 SU FM - Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine
23 CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
24 CHRU Tours - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours
25 NKUA - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
26 HCL - Hospices Civils de Lyon
27 Unité de Soins Intensifs [CHU Cochin]
28 University of Athens Medical School [Athens]
29 OPTeN (UMR_S 1144 / U1144) - Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie
30 Service de Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique [Hôpital Lariboisière]
31 CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux]
32 Hôpital Henri Mondor
33 CHU Nantes - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes = Nantes University Hospital
34 CHU Tenon [AP-HP]
35 Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy
Pierre Cuchet
  • Fonction : Auteur
Martine Nyunga
  • Fonction : Auteur
Pierre Asfar
Edgar Moglia
  • Fonction : Auteur
Armand Mekontso-Dessap
Alexandre Pierre
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 762822
  • IdRef : 174565208
Christophe Vinsonneau
  • Fonction : Auteur
Pierre-Edouard Floch
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Purpose: Although patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection have several risk factors for ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (VA-LRTI), the reported incidence of hospital-acquired infections is low. We aimed to determine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, as compared to influenza pneumonia or no viral infection, and the incidence of VA-LRTI. Methods: Multicenter retrospective European cohort performed in 36 ICUs. All adult patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation > 48 h were eligible if they had: SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, influenza pneumonia, or no viral infection at ICU admission. VA-LRTI, including ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), were diagnosed using clinical, radiological and quantitative microbiological criteria. All VA-LRTI were prospectively identified, and chest-X rays were analyzed by at least two physicians. Cumulative incidence of first episodes of VA-LRTI was estimated using the Kalbfleisch and Prentice method, and compared using Fine-and Gray models. Results: 1576 patients were included (568 in SARS-CoV-2, 482 in influenza, and 526 in no viral infection groups). VA-LRTI incidence was significantly higher in SARS-CoV-2 patients (287, 50.5%), as compared to influenza patients (146, 30.3%, adjusted sub hazard ratio (sHR) 1.60 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26 to 2.04)) or patients with no viral infection (133, 25.3%, adjusted sHR 1.7 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.39)). Gram-negative bacilli were responsible for a large proportion (82% to 89.7%) of VA-LRTI, mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., and Klebsiella spp. Conclusions: The incidence of VA-LRTI is significantly higher in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, as compared to patients with influenza pneumonia, or no viral infection after statistical adjustment, but residual confounding may still play a role in the effect estimates.

Dates et versions

hal-03105738 , version 1 (11-01-2021)

Identifiants

Citer

Anahita Rouzé, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Pedro Povoa, Demosthenes Makris, Antonio Artigas, et al.. Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections: a European multicenter cohort study. Intensive Care Medicine, 2021, 47 (2), pp.188-198. ⟨10.1007/s00134-020-06323-9⟩. ⟨hal-03105738⟩
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