Release of infectious virus and cytokines in nasopharyngeal swabs from individuals infected with non-alpha or alpha SARS-CoV-2 variants: an observational retrospective study - Sorbonne Université
Article Dans Une Revue EBioMedicine Année : 2021

Release of infectious virus and cytokines in nasopharyngeal swabs from individuals infected with non-alpha or alpha SARS-CoV-2 variants: an observational retrospective study

Blandine Monel
Isabelle Staropoli
Pedro Goncalves
Galdric Orvoen
Maxime Wack
Sandrine Imbeaud
James P. Di Santo
Hélène Péré

Résumé

Background The dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 alpha variant shedding and immune responses at the nasal mucosa remain poorly characterised. Methods We measured infectious viral release, antibodies and cytokines in 426 PCR+ nasopharyngeal swabs from individuals harboring non-alpha or alpha variants. Findings With both lineages, viral titers were variable, ranging from 0 to >106 infectious units. Rapid antigenic diagnostic tests were positive in 94% of samples with infectious virus. 68 % of individuals carried infectious virus within two days after onset of symptoms. This proportion decreased overtime. Viable virus was detected up to 14 days. Samples containing anti-spike IgG or IgA did not generally harbor infectious virus. Ct values were slightly but not significantly lower with alpha. This variant was characterized by a fast decrease of infectivity overtime and a marked release of 13 cytokines (including IFN-b, IP-10 and IL-10). Interpretation The alpha variant displays modified viral decay and cytokine profiles at the nasopharyngeal mucosae during symptomatic infection.

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Virologie
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Dates et versions

hal-03408666 , version 1 (29-10-2021)

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Blandine Monel, Delphine Planas, Ludivine Grzelak, Nikaïa Smith, Nicolas Robillard, et al.. Release of infectious virus and cytokines in nasopharyngeal swabs from individuals infected with non-alpha or alpha SARS-CoV-2 variants: an observational retrospective study. EBioMedicine, 2021, 73, pp.103637. ⟨10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103637⟩. ⟨hal-03408666⟩
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