Compe//on for land use is a severe problem in peri-urban areas where available land is scarce and is also Biodiversity offset targeted for different purposes such as construc/on, local food systems, recrea/onal areas, and biodiversity Planning offsets. In this context, mi/ga/on policies can be considered like innova/ve planning regula/ons, in order to neutralize land development impacts and sustain ecosystem restora/on and conserva/on. The policies may lead to the produc/on of biodiversity offsets, which are secured pieces of land where ecological restora/on is carried out as a way to compensate for impacts. In this way, biodiversity offsets appear to be a viable op/on to maintaining natural areas in peri-urban areas in the long run. This ar/cle examines the different ways to deal with land availability and access to offset sites through the analysis of land strategies developed by public and private intermediary actors involved in the implementa/on of mi/ga/on policies, and the consequences on the ecological quality of offsets. Based on a sociological survey of 20 case studies and 95 interviews conducted in 2019-2021 in six French regions, the ar/cle iden/fies three situa/ons that rely on different balances between market transac/ons and planning: (i) private intermediaries and municipali/es who coordinate to offer land solu/ons to developers; (ii) access to land for biodiversity offsets stems from private land transac/ons which can lead to temporary mobiliza/on of land and thus to ecologically precarious solu/ons; (iii) aQempts by municipali/es to include offsets in planning policies. Finally, if municipali/es do not intervene to iden/fy and set aside dedicated land, biodiversity offsets will remain temporary and limited in their capacity to conserve biodiversity.