Gut microbiome diversity and composition in individuals with and without extended-spectrum β-lactamase-Producing enterobacterales carriage: a matched case-control study in infectious diseases department - Sorbonne Université
Journal Articles Clinical Microbiology and Infection Year : 2024

Gut microbiome diversity and composition in individuals with and without extended-spectrum β-lactamase-Producing enterobacterales carriage: a matched case-control study in infectious diseases department

Abstract

Objective: Little is known about the effect of gut microbial and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) carriage, particularly in the general population. The aim of this study was to identify microbiota signatures uniquely correlated with ESBL-E carriage. Methods: We conducted a case-control study among individuals seeking care at the Sexual Health Clinic or Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France. Using coarsened exact matching, 176 participants with ESBL-carriage (i.e. cases) were matched 1:1 to those without ESBL-carriage (i.e. controls) based on sexual group, ESBL-E prevalence of countries travelled in <12 months, number of sexual partners in <6 months, geographic origin, and any antibiotic use in <6 months. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to generate differential abundances at the genus level and measures of α- and β-diversity. Results: Participants were mostly men (83.2%, n = 293/352) and had a median age of 33 years (interquartile range: 27-44). Nine genera were found associated with ESBL-E carriage: Proteus (p < 0.0001), Carnobacterium (p < 0.0001), Enterorhabdus (p 0.0079), Catonella (p 0.017), Dermacoccus (p 0.017), Escherichia/Shigella (p 0.021), Kocuria (p 0.023), Bacillus (p 0.040), and Filifactor (p 0.043); however, differences were no longer significant after Benjamini-Hochberg correction (q > 0.05). There were no differences between those with versus without ESBL-E carriage in measures of α-diversity (Shannon Diversity Index, p 0.49; Simpson Diversity Index, p 0.54; and Chao1 Richness Estimator, p 0.16) or β-diversity (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index, p 0.42). Discussion: In this large carefully controlled study, there is lacking evidence that gut microbial composition and diversity is any different between individuals with and without ESBL-E carriage.
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Dates and versions

hal-04539691 , version 1 (05-07-2024)

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Anders Boyd, Mariam El Dani, Roula Ajrouche, Vanessa Demontant, Justine Cheval, et al.. Gut microbiome diversity and composition in individuals with and without extended-spectrum β-lactamase-Producing enterobacterales carriage: a matched case-control study in infectious diseases department. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, In press, ⟨10.1016/j.cmi.2024.03.016⟩. ⟨hal-04539691⟩
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