This paper presents a review of some investigations that we have performed on electronically controlled EBG structures including their electromagnetic characterization and their applications for adaptive antenna. Firstly, for a structure composed of 2D cylindrical metallic wires array, an equivalent circuit approach is proposed based on a combination between the well-known Marcuvitz model and a distributed impedance per unit length model. The proposed method has allowed the determination of the S parameters for a 2D cylindrical metallic wires array loaded by active elements. The results when using this proposed approach show a good concordance with those obtained using other time consuming methods like a local field approach and the finite element method. Secondly a continuous electronic control for the radiation pattern of an adaptive antenna, using an Electromagnetic Band Gap structure having variable localized elements, is investigated. Rigorous electromagnetic simulations for this structure are carried out using integral equations techniques solved by the method of moments. Measurements of the realized radiating structure are in a very good agreement with simulated results.