Variation in stem mortality rates determines patterns of above-ground biomass in Amazonian forests: implications for dynamic global vegetation models
Michelle O. Johnson
(1)
,
David Galbraith
(1)
,
Manuel Gloor
(1)
,
Hannes de Deurwaerder
(2)
,
Matthieu Guimberteau
(3, 4)
,
Anja Rammig
(5, 6)
,
Kirsten Thonicke
(5)
,
Hans Verbeeck
(2)
,
Celso von Randow
(7)
,
Abel Monteagudo
(8)
,
Oliver L. Phillips
(1)
,
Roel J. W. Brienen
(1)
,
Ted R. Feldpausch
(9)
,
Gabriela Lopez Gonzalez
(1)
,
Sophie Fauset
(1)
,
Carlos A. Quesada
(10)
,
Bradley Christoffersen
(11, 12)
,
Philippe Ciais
(4, 13)
,
Gilvan Sampaio
(7)
,
Bart Kruijt
(14)
,
Patrick Meir
(15, 11)
,
Paul Moorcroft
(16)
,
Ke Zhang
(17)
,
Esteban Alvarez-Davila
(18)
,
Atila Alves de Oliveira
(10)
,
Ieda Amaral
(10)
,
Ana Andrade
(10)
,
Luiz E. O. C. Aragao
(8)
,
Alejandro Araujo-Murakami
(19)
,
Eric J. M. M. Arets
(14)
,
Luzmila Arroyo
(19)
,
Gerardo A. Aymard
(20)
,
Christopher Baraloto
(21)
,
Jocely Barroso
(22)
,
Damien Bonal
(23)
,
Rene Boot
(24)
,
Jose Camargo
(10)
,
Jérôme Chave
(25)
,
Alvaro Cogollo
(26)
,
Fernando Cornejo Valverde
(27)
,
Antonio C. Lola da Costa
(28)
,
Anthony Di Fiore
(29)
,
Leandro Ferreira
(30)
,
Niro Higuchi
(10)
,
Euridice N. Honorio
(31)
,
Tim J. Killeen
(32)
,
Susan G. Laurance
(33)
,
William F. Laurance
(33)
,
Juan Licona
(34)
,
Thomas Lovejoy
(35)
,
Yadvinder Malhi
(36)
,
Bia Marimon
(37)
,
Ben Hur Marimon
(37)
,
Darley C. L. Matos
(30)
,
Casimiro Mendoza
(38)
,
David A. Neill
(39)
,
Guido Pardo
(40)
,
Marielos Peña-Claros
(34, 41)
,
Nigel C. A. Pitman
(42)
,
Lourens Poorter
(41)
,
Adriana Prieto
(43)
,
Hirma Ramirez-Angulo
(44)
,
Anand Roopsind
(45)
,
Agustin Rudas
(43)
,
Rafael P. Salomao
(30)
,
Marcos Silveira
(46)
,
Juliana Stropp
(47)
,
Hans ter Steege
(48)
,
John Terborgh
(42)
,
Raquel Thomas
(45)
,
Marisol Toledo
(34)
,
Armando Torres-Lezama
(44)
,
Geertje M. F. van Der Heijden
(49)
,
Rodolfo Vasquez
(9)
,
Ima Cèlia Guimarães Vieira
(30)
,
Emilio Vilanova
(44)
,
Vincent A. Vos
(40, 50)
,
Timothy R. Baker
(1)
1
School of Geography [Leeds]
2 CAVElab - Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology
3 METIS - Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols
4 LSCE - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette]
5 PIK - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
6 TUM - Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich
7 INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
8 Missouri Botanical Garden
9 Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences
10 INPA - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia = National Institute of Amazonian Research
11 School of Geosciences [Edinburgh]
12 EES - Earth and Environmental Sciences Division [Los Alamos]
13 ICOS-ATC - ICOS-ATC
14 ESS-CC - Alterra [Wageningen]
15 Research School of Biology
16 OEB - Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology [Cambridge]
17 CIMMS - Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies
18 Fundación Con-Vida
19 Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado
20 Programa Cienclas Agro & Mar, UNELLEZ Guanare
21 Department of Biological Sciences [Miami]
22 UFAC - Universidade Federal do Acre
23 EEF - Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018]
24 TBI - Tropenbos International
25 EDB - Evolution et Diversité Biologique
26 Jardín Botánico de Medellín
27 Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program [Madre de Dios]
28 Centro de Geociencias
29 Dpt of Anthropology [Austin]
30 MPEG - Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil]
31 IIAP - Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana
32 WWF - World Wide Fund
33 TESS - Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science
34 IBIF - Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal
35 Environmental Science and Policy Department and the Department of Public and International Affairs
36 Environmental Change Institute
37 UNEMAT - Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso
38 ESFOR - Escuela de Ciencias Forestales
39 Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Ambientales
40 Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián
41 Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group
42 Center for Tropical Conservation
43 Doctorado Instituto de Ciencias Naturales
44 Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal
45 Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development
46 Museu Universitário
47 Institute of Biological Sciences, Medical and Health
48 Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden]
49 School of Geography [Nottingham]
50 Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado
2 CAVElab - Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology
3 METIS - Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols
4 LSCE - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette]
5 PIK - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
6 TUM - Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich
7 INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
8 Missouri Botanical Garden
9 Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences
10 INPA - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia = National Institute of Amazonian Research
11 School of Geosciences [Edinburgh]
12 EES - Earth and Environmental Sciences Division [Los Alamos]
13 ICOS-ATC - ICOS-ATC
14 ESS-CC - Alterra [Wageningen]
15 Research School of Biology
16 OEB - Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology [Cambridge]
17 CIMMS - Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies
18 Fundación Con-Vida
19 Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado
20 Programa Cienclas Agro & Mar, UNELLEZ Guanare
21 Department of Biological Sciences [Miami]
22 UFAC - Universidade Federal do Acre
23 EEF - Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018]
24 TBI - Tropenbos International
25 EDB - Evolution et Diversité Biologique
26 Jardín Botánico de Medellín
27 Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program [Madre de Dios]
28 Centro de Geociencias
29 Dpt of Anthropology [Austin]
30 MPEG - Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil]
31 IIAP - Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana
32 WWF - World Wide Fund
33 TESS - Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science
34 IBIF - Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal
35 Environmental Science and Policy Department and the Department of Public and International Affairs
36 Environmental Change Institute
37 UNEMAT - Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso
38 ESFOR - Escuela de Ciencias Forestales
39 Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Ambientales
40 Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián
41 Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group
42 Center for Tropical Conservation
43 Doctorado Instituto de Ciencias Naturales
44 Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal
45 Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development
46 Museu Universitário
47 Institute of Biological Sciences, Medical and Health
48 Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden]
49 School of Geography [Nottingham]
50 Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado
Hannes de Deurwaerder
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 982664
Anja Rammig
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- ORCID : 0000-0001-5425-8718
- IdRef : 196537606
Kirsten Thonicke
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- ORCID : 0000-0001-5283-4937
Hans Verbeeck
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- ORCID : 0000-0003-1490-0168
Celso von Randow
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- ORCID : 0000-0003-1045-4316
Oliver L. Phillips
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Philippe Ciais
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- ORCID : 0000-0001-8560-4943
- IdRef : 092241700
Esteban Alvarez-Davila
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- ORCID : 0000-0001-9032-0099
Christopher Baraloto
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- PersonId : 1199882
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7322-8581
Damien Bonal
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- IdHAL : damien-bonal
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9602-8603
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Jérôme Chave
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- IdHAL : jerome-chave
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7766-1347
- IdRef : 069913935
Yadvinder Malhi
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- ORCID : 0000-0002-3503-4783
- IdRef : 090250486
Marielos Peña-Claros
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- ORCID : 0000-0001-9134-6733
Lourens Poorter
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- PersonId : 772010
- ORCID : 0000-0003-1391-4875
John Terborgh
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- PersonId : 772009
- ORCID : 0000-0003-1853-8311
Timothy R. Baker
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Résumé
Understanding the processes that determine above-ground biomass (AGB) in Amazonian forests is important for predicting the sensitivity of these ecosystems to environmental change and for designing and evaluating dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). AGB is determined by inputs from woody productivity [woody net primary productivity (NPP)] and the rate at which carbon is lost through tree mortality. Here, we test whether two direct metrics of tree mortality (the absolute rate of woody biomass loss and the rate of stem mortality) and/or woody NPP, control variation in AGB among 167 plots in intact forest across Amazonia. We then compare these relationships and the observed variation in AGB and woody NPP with the predictions of four DGVMs. The observations show that stem mortality rates, rather than absolute rates of woody biomass loss, are the most important predictor of AGB, which is consistent with the importance of stand size structure for determining spatial variation in AGB. The relationship between stem mortality rates and AGB varies among different regions of Amazonia, indicating that variation in wood density and height/diameter relationships also influences AGB. In contrast to previous findings, we find that woody NPP is not correlated with stem mortality rates and is weakly positively correlated with AGB. Across the four models, basin-wide average AGB is similar to the mean of the observations. However, the models consistently overestimate woody NPP and poorly represent the spatial patterns of both AGB and woody NPP estimated using plot data. In marked contrast to the observations, DGVMs typically show strong positive relationships between woody NPP and AGB. Resolving these differences will require incorporating forest size structure, mechanistic models of stem mortality and variation in functional composition in DGVMs.
| Origine | Publication financée par une institution |
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