Generation of an Adequate Perfusion Network within Dense Collagen Hydrogels Using Thermoplastic Polymers as Sacrificial Matrix to Promote Cell Viability
Abstract
TDense collagen hydrogels are promising biomaterials for several tissue-engineering applications.
They exhibit high mechanical properties, similar to physiological extracellular matrices,
and do not shrink under cellular activity. However, they suffer from several drawbacks, such as
weak nutrient and O2 diffusion, impacting cell survival. Here, we report a novel strategy to create
a perfusion system within dense and thick collagen hydrogels to promote cell viability. The 3D
printing of a thermoplastic filament (high-impact polystyrene, HIPS) with a three-wave shape is used
to produce an appropriate sacrificial matrix. The HIPS thermoplastic polymer allows for good shape
fidelity of the filament and does not collapse under the mechanical load of the collagen solution. After
the collagen gels around the filament and dissolves, a channel is generated, allowing for adequate
and rapid hydrogel perfusion. The dissolution process does not alter the collagen hydrogel’s physical
or chemical properties, and the perfusion is associated with an increased fibroblast survival. Here,
we report the novel utilization of thermoplastics to generate a perfusion network within biomimetic
collagen hydrogels.
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