Long-Term Trends of Alanine Aminotransferase Levels among Persons Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatitis B Virus with and without Hepatitis Delta Coinfection - Sorbonne Université
Journal Articles Frontiers in Medicine Year : 2022

Long-Term Trends of Alanine Aminotransferase Levels among Persons Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatitis B Virus with and without Hepatitis Delta Coinfection

Abstract

Background Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection accelerates the progression of liver disease in persons living with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection. We explored the association between HDV infection and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation during tenofovir-containing antiretroviral treatment among persons living with HIV/HBV. Materials and methods We included persons living with HIV/HBV with and without HDV starting tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in three European cohorts with at least 18 months of follow-up. We defined HDV infection as a positive anti-HDV antibody test. We assessed risk factors for ALT elevation ≥q 1.25x upper limit of normal after 5 years of tenofovir-treatment using multivariate logistic regression models. The difference in ALT trends between individuals with and without HDV was evaluated using linear mixed effects models. Results 61/518 (11.8%) participants had an HDV infection. Among individuals with HDV, 63.9% had ALT elevation after 2 years and 55.6% after 5 years of tenofovir, whereas the estimates were 34.1% after two and 27.0% after 5 years in those without HDV. HDV coinfection (adjusted odds ratio 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.4\textendash 5.8) and obesity at baseline (adjusted odds ratio 3.2, 95% confidence interval 1.2\textendash 8.0) were associated with ALT elevation after 5 years of tenofovir therapy. Mean ALT levels were consistently higher during follow-up in participants with HDV compared to those without HDV. Conclusion Persistent ALT elevation is common in persons living with HIV/HBV in Europe despite adequate HBV therapy. HDV coinfection and obesity are independent risk factors for persistent ALT elevation during long-term tenofovir treatment.

Dates and versions

hal-03843711 , version 1 (08-11-2022)

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Lorin Begré, Charles Beguelin, Anders Boyd, Lars Peters, Jürgen Rockstroh, et al.. Long-Term Trends of Alanine Aminotransferase Levels among Persons Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatitis B Virus with and without Hepatitis Delta Coinfection. Frontiers in Medicine, 2022, 9, pp.988356. ⟨10.3389/fmed.2022.988356⟩. ⟨hal-03843711⟩
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